Every time you give a deck of cards a proper shuffle you almost certainly create an order that has never existed before in the history of the universe, because the possible arrangements vastly outnumber the seconds since the Big Bang

A 52-card deck has about 8 x 10^67 possible orders, against roughly 4 x 10^17 seconds since the Big Bang, so a thoroughly shuffled deck is almost certainly an arrangement never seen before. Why 'almost', and why the shuffle has to be a proper one. The post Every time you give a deck of cards a proper shuffle you almost certainly create an order that has never existed before in the history of the universe, because the possible arrangements vastly outnumber the seconds since the Big Bang appeared